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	<title>Comments on: Stuff I Don&#8217;t Get</title>
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	<description>The Big Questions &#124; Tackling the Problems of Philosophy with Ideas from Mathematics, Economics, and Physics</description>
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		<title>By: thomash</title>
		<link>http://www.thebigquestions.com/2010/02/16/stuff-i-dont-get/comment-page-1/#comment-3423</link>
		<dc:creator>thomash</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Mar 2010 16:50:50 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>[...] difficult to pronounce. On the list includes players like Phil Kessel and Luke Schenn. Read why...Stuff I Don&#039;t Get at Steven Landsburg &#124; The Big Questions ...The Big Questions &#124; Tackling the Problems of Philosophy with Ideas from Mathematics, Economics, and [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] difficult to pronounce. On the list includes players like Phil Kessel and Luke Schenn. Read why&#8230;Stuff I Don&#39;t Get at Steven Landsburg | The Big Questions &#8230;The Big Questions | Tackling the Problems of Philosophy with Ideas from Mathematics, Economics, and [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Scott F</title>
		<link>http://www.thebigquestions.com/2010/02/16/stuff-i-dont-get/comment-page-1/#comment-3354</link>
		<dc:creator>Scott F</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 02 Mar 2010 08:44:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.thebigquestions.com/?p=1964#comment-3354</guid>
		<description>From what I&#039;ve gathered on Erythritol in the past fifteen minutes, it does have a few &quot;kinks&quot; which probably preclude it from completely dominating the market. Although Erythritol by itself is zero calorie and easily passed through the digestive tract, it is not as sweet as nor as soluble as sucrose and is often mixed with other sweeteners.  Those other sweeteners can cause digestive issues making Erythritol slightly less appealing as a go-to replacement.
From a production standpoint it is made by fermentation of certain other carbohydrates and recrystallized which may be a reason for higher marginal costs of production.
In regards to the &quot;FDA-in-the-way&quot; theory, this is probably not the reason for lack of dominance, because the FDA granted it GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) status and allows it as a sugar substitute in a number of foods.
We need a better theory for the non-dominant status of Erythritol. Cargill (the maker of Zerose(marketed version of Erythritol)) might have some answers.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>From what I&#8217;ve gathered on Erythritol in the past fifteen minutes, it does have a few &#8220;kinks&#8221; which probably preclude it from completely dominating the market. Although Erythritol by itself is zero calorie and easily passed through the digestive tract, it is not as sweet as nor as soluble as sucrose and is often mixed with other sweeteners.  Those other sweeteners can cause digestive issues making Erythritol slightly less appealing as a go-to replacement.<br />
From a production standpoint it is made by fermentation of certain other carbohydrates and recrystallized which may be a reason for higher marginal costs of production.<br />
In regards to the &#8220;FDA-in-the-way&#8221; theory, this is probably not the reason for lack of dominance, because the FDA granted it GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) status and allows it as a sugar substitute in a number of foods.<br />
We need a better theory for the non-dominant status of Erythritol. Cargill (the maker of Zerose(marketed version of Erythritol)) might have some answers.</p>
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		<title>By: ThomasH</title>
		<link>http://www.thebigquestions.com/2010/02/16/stuff-i-dont-get/comment-page-1/#comment-3045</link>
		<dc:creator>ThomasH</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 20 Feb 2010 04:58:38 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>Answer to question No. 1.  We can read thier newspapers, comission polls, exchange ambassadors, and follow their politicians on Twitter.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Answer to question No. 1.  We can read thier newspapers, comission polls, exchange ambassadors, and follow their politicians on Twitter.</p>
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		<title>By: Philip</title>
		<link>http://www.thebigquestions.com/2010/02/16/stuff-i-dont-get/comment-page-1/#comment-3031</link>
		<dc:creator>Philip</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 19 Feb 2010 16:31:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.thebigquestions.com/?p=1964#comment-3031</guid>
		<description>Tagore-

I&#039;ll adopt Obama as &quot;Sacred Heart Jesus&quot; as my photo avatar if you&#039;ll adopt Obama as &quot;Hitler with mustache&quot; as yours.

Here&#039;s a good description of facsism by Robert Paxton, an American historian at Columbia University:

&quot;a form of political behavior marked by obsessive preoccupation with community decline, humiliation or victimhood and by compensatory cults of unity, energy and purity, in which a mass-based party of committed nationalist militants, working in uneasy but effective collaboration with traditional elites, abandons democratic liberties and pursues with redemptive violence and without ethical or legal restraints goals of internal cleansing and external expansion.&quot;

Please point me to your evidence that Obama has demonstrated an...

* &quot;obsessive preoccupation with community decline, humiliation or victimhood and by&quot; 
* &quot;compensatory cults of unity, energy and purity, in which&quot; 
* &quot;a mass-based party of committed nationalist militants,&quot; and * &quot;pursues with redemptive violence and without ethical or legal restraints goals of internal cleansing and external expansion.&quot;

I don&#039;t see the preoccupation with decline and victimhood or purity cults or committed nationalist militants or redemptive violence or internal cleansing or external expansion.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Tagore-</p>
<p>I&#8217;ll adopt Obama as &#8220;Sacred Heart Jesus&#8221; as my photo avatar if you&#8217;ll adopt Obama as &#8220;Hitler with mustache&#8221; as yours.</p>
<p>Here&#8217;s a good description of facsism by Robert Paxton, an American historian at Columbia University:</p>
<p>&#8220;a form of political behavior marked by obsessive preoccupation with community decline, humiliation or victimhood and by compensatory cults of unity, energy and purity, in which a mass-based party of committed nationalist militants, working in uneasy but effective collaboration with traditional elites, abandons democratic liberties and pursues with redemptive violence and without ethical or legal restraints goals of internal cleansing and external expansion.&#8221;</p>
<p>Please point me to your evidence that Obama has demonstrated an&#8230;</p>
<p>* &#8220;obsessive preoccupation with community decline, humiliation or victimhood and by&#8221;<br />
* &#8220;compensatory cults of unity, energy and purity, in which&#8221;<br />
* &#8220;a mass-based party of committed nationalist militants,&#8221; and * &#8220;pursues with redemptive violence and without ethical or legal restraints goals of internal cleansing and external expansion.&#8221;</p>
<p>I don&#8217;t see the preoccupation with decline and victimhood or purity cults or committed nationalist militants or redemptive violence or internal cleansing or external expansion.</p>
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		<title>By: Tagore Smith</title>
		<link>http://www.thebigquestions.com/2010/02/16/stuff-i-dont-get/comment-page-1/#comment-3019</link>
		<dc:creator>Tagore Smith</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 19 Feb 2010 09:39:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.thebigquestions.com/?p=1964#comment-3019</guid>
		<description>A lot of people have called Obama a Socialist. A few people on the fringe have called him a Fascist. I&#039;d like to suggest the latter are basically correct. The problem is that the term &quot;Fascism&quot; has acquired a bad name. It is ineluctably associated with Italian Fascism, and ultimately the German Nazi party.

Let&#039;s start over with the word &quot;Fascist.&quot; Let&#039;s strip it of its genocidal implications, to the degree that we can. What is Fascism? What policies would promote it? Worth thinking about, at least.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A lot of people have called Obama a Socialist. A few people on the fringe have called him a Fascist. I&#8217;d like to suggest the latter are basically correct. The problem is that the term &#8220;Fascism&#8221; has acquired a bad name. It is ineluctably associated with Italian Fascism, and ultimately the German Nazi party.</p>
<p>Let&#8217;s start over with the word &#8220;Fascist.&#8221; Let&#8217;s strip it of its genocidal implications, to the degree that we can. What is Fascism? What policies would promote it? Worth thinking about, at least.</p>
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		<title>By: Philip</title>
		<link>http://www.thebigquestions.com/2010/02/16/stuff-i-dont-get/comment-page-1/#comment-2961</link>
		<dc:creator>Philip</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 18 Feb 2010 03:47:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.thebigquestions.com/?p=1964#comment-2961</guid>
		<description>Steve-

&quot;Well, of course. The whole point of free speech is that we think it’s a *good* thing for expressed opinions to influence people’s opinions, and hence indirectly their voting behavior.&quot;

Yes. Of course. But choosing the disingenuous locution &quot;express their opinion&quot; instead of the candid &quot;influence US elections&quot; suggests a hidden agenda. If you believe foreign nationals should have the same rights as Americans to influence US elections, why disguise your intent behind the innocuous &quot;express&quot;?

&quot;You know as well as I do that allowing the New York Times to endorse candidates is a euphemism for allowing the New York Times to influence elections.&quot;

Well, of course, Steve.  But then the NYT has special 1st Amendment press rights that don&#039;t apply to the run-of-the-mill domestic or foreign corporation. Moreover, any corporation that wants to control an editorial page can buy a newspaper, right?

And like any other corporation (before CU), the NYT couldn&#039;t make campaign contributions.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Steve-</p>
<p>&#8220;Well, of course. The whole point of free speech is that we think it’s a *good* thing for expressed opinions to influence people’s opinions, and hence indirectly their voting behavior.&#8221;</p>
<p>Yes. Of course. But choosing the disingenuous locution &#8220;express their opinion&#8221; instead of the candid &#8220;influence US elections&#8221; suggests a hidden agenda. If you believe foreign nationals should have the same rights as Americans to influence US elections, why disguise your intent behind the innocuous &#8220;express&#8221;?</p>
<p>&#8220;You know as well as I do that allowing the New York Times to endorse candidates is a euphemism for allowing the New York Times to influence elections.&#8221;</p>
<p>Well, of course, Steve.  But then the NYT has special 1st Amendment press rights that don&#8217;t apply to the run-of-the-mill domestic or foreign corporation. Moreover, any corporation that wants to control an editorial page can buy a newspaper, right?</p>
<p>And like any other corporation (before CU), the NYT couldn&#8217;t make campaign contributions.</p>
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		<title>By: Steve Landsburg</title>
		<link>http://www.thebigquestions.com/2010/02/16/stuff-i-dont-get/comment-page-1/#comment-2959</link>
		<dc:creator>Steve Landsburg</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 18 Feb 2010 00:18:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.thebigquestions.com/?p=1964#comment-2959</guid>
		<description>Philip:

&lt;i&gt;You know as well as I do that “express their opinions” is a euphemism for “influence US elections”. &lt;/i&gt;

Well, of course.  The whole point of free speech is that we think it&#039;s a *good* thing for expressed opinions to influence people&#039;s opinions, and hence indirectly their voting behavior.   You know as well as I do that allowing the New York Times to endorse candidates is a euphemism for allowing the New York Times to influence elections.   Everyone knows that, but very few
people think it&#039;s a bad thing.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Philip:</p>
<p><i>You know as well as I do that “express their opinions” is a euphemism for “influence US elections”. </i></p>
<p>Well, of course.  The whole point of free speech is that we think it&#8217;s a *good* thing for expressed opinions to influence people&#8217;s opinions, and hence indirectly their voting behavior.   You know as well as I do that allowing the New York Times to endorse candidates is a euphemism for allowing the New York Times to influence elections.   Everyone knows that, but very few<br />
people think it&#8217;s a bad thing.</p>
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		<title>By: Philip</title>
		<link>http://www.thebigquestions.com/2010/02/16/stuff-i-dont-get/comment-page-1/#comment-2958</link>
		<dc:creator>Philip</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 18 Feb 2010 00:11:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.thebigquestions.com/?p=1964#comment-2958</guid>
		<description>Steve-

&quot;You miss my point, which is not that the government should never regulate but that, given its inevitable role as a regulator, maybe it’s kind of a bad idea to let it own companies that compete in the very markets it’s regulating.&quot;

No, I got your point. I used it as a point of departure for a larger point: that there are greater outrages being perpetrated in the name of laissez fair economics than the one you cite about one independent agency (NHTSA) regulating Toyota and another (Treasury), which is not involved in its day-to-day operations, overseeing GM&#039;s management.  

Do you have any evidence that Treasury is, directly or indirectly, influencing NHTSA&#039;s regulatory response? I&#039;ve followed the story pretty closely and NHTSA&#039;s response seems SOP to me.

But I agree that it&#039;s not desirable to have the feds own GM for a multitude of reasons, among the least of these being the appearance of a potential conflict of interest with its regulatory role. 


&quot;Another missed point. I didn’t say anything at all about constitutional rights. I asked why we should be more leery of foreign corporate speech than of domestic corporate speech (which has been the president’s position lately) and whether this can be reconciled with the president’s former position that we need to listen to the views of foreigners more.&quot;

Yes, you didn&#039;t mention constitutional rights, but of course the context of the President&#039;s comments was the CU decision granting *constitutionally* based free speech rights to corporations, including those run by foreign nationals or are the subsidiaries of foreign companies. 

The President has not suggested he is &quot;more leery of foreign corporate speech than of domestic corporate speech&quot;; he&#039;s clearly leery of both. He focuses some of our attention on the perverse aspect of the CU decison which grants foreign nationals the &quot;right&quot; to influence the outcome of US elections. (Can you name another country that has legalized this outcome, much less written it into its constitution?)

&quot;[President Obama] keeps warning me that it will be disastrous if foreign interests are allowed to express their opinions in our political campaigns.&quot;

You know as well as I do that &quot;express their opinions&quot; is a euphemism for &quot;influence US elections&quot;. Corporations, foreign and domestic, do not spend millions of dollars for lobbying and political advocacy for the purpose of merely &quot;expressing&quot; themselves. I know this; corporations apply a very rigorous ROI analysis on their political investments. It&#039;s at best naive to say otherwise.

As our future GOP nominee from Alaska says, you can put lipstick on a pig but he&#039;ll still stink.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Steve-</p>
<p>&#8220;You miss my point, which is not that the government should never regulate but that, given its inevitable role as a regulator, maybe it’s kind of a bad idea to let it own companies that compete in the very markets it’s regulating.&#8221;</p>
<p>No, I got your point. I used it as a point of departure for a larger point: that there are greater outrages being perpetrated in the name of laissez fair economics than the one you cite about one independent agency (NHTSA) regulating Toyota and another (Treasury), which is not involved in its day-to-day operations, overseeing GM&#8217;s management.  </p>
<p>Do you have any evidence that Treasury is, directly or indirectly, influencing NHTSA&#8217;s regulatory response? I&#8217;ve followed the story pretty closely and NHTSA&#8217;s response seems SOP to me.</p>
<p>But I agree that it&#8217;s not desirable to have the feds own GM for a multitude of reasons, among the least of these being the appearance of a potential conflict of interest with its regulatory role. </p>
<p>&#8220;Another missed point. I didn’t say anything at all about constitutional rights. I asked why we should be more leery of foreign corporate speech than of domestic corporate speech (which has been the president’s position lately) and whether this can be reconciled with the president’s former position that we need to listen to the views of foreigners more.&#8221;</p>
<p>Yes, you didn&#8217;t mention constitutional rights, but of course the context of the President&#8217;s comments was the CU decision granting *constitutionally* based free speech rights to corporations, including those run by foreign nationals or are the subsidiaries of foreign companies. </p>
<p>The President has not suggested he is &#8220;more leery of foreign corporate speech than of domestic corporate speech&#8221;; he&#8217;s clearly leery of both. He focuses some of our attention on the perverse aspect of the CU decison which grants foreign nationals the &#8220;right&#8221; to influence the outcome of US elections. (Can you name another country that has legalized this outcome, much less written it into its constitution?)</p>
<p>&#8220;[President Obama] keeps warning me that it will be disastrous if foreign interests are allowed to express their opinions in our political campaigns.&#8221;</p>
<p>You know as well as I do that &#8220;express their opinions&#8221; is a euphemism for &#8220;influence US elections&#8221;. Corporations, foreign and domestic, do not spend millions of dollars for lobbying and political advocacy for the purpose of merely &#8220;expressing&#8221; themselves. I know this; corporations apply a very rigorous ROI analysis on their political investments. It&#8217;s at best naive to say otherwise.</p>
<p>As our future GOP nominee from Alaska says, you can put lipstick on a pig but he&#8217;ll still stink.</p>
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		<title>By: Philip</title>
		<link>http://www.thebigquestions.com/2010/02/16/stuff-i-dont-get/comment-page-1/#comment-2954</link>
		<dc:creator>Philip</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 17 Feb 2010 21:49:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.thebigquestions.com/?p=1964#comment-2954</guid>
		<description>&quot;if we’re interested in hearing what foreigners as a group have to say, then we’d be more likely to welcome corporate advertising than individual advertising. But the more important point, surely, is that if you believe our policies should be influenced (even marginally) by the opinions of foreigners, then surely you should be interested in hearing what foreigners have to say.&quot;

Perhaps a disagreement about facts is the basis of this debate. 

Any foreign corporation or individual is free to buy advertising, lobby policy makers, appear on talk radio or TV interviews, place op-eds in newspapers, sponsor or attend conferences, etc. in order to educate policy makers and Americans generally about any issue whatsoever. So there is no restriction on their expression of perspectives, opinions, facts, theories, whatever.

What IS restricted is foreigners&#039; ability to contribute directly or indirectly to political campaigns.

So what do we have here? Confusion about the facts or a glossing-over of the distinction between foreigners&#039; &quot;right&quot; of expression and their &quot;right&quot; to influence US elections?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;if we’re interested in hearing what foreigners as a group have to say, then we’d be more likely to welcome corporate advertising than individual advertising. But the more important point, surely, is that if you believe our policies should be influenced (even marginally) by the opinions of foreigners, then surely you should be interested in hearing what foreigners have to say.&#8221;</p>
<p>Perhaps a disagreement about facts is the basis of this debate. </p>
<p>Any foreign corporation or individual is free to buy advertising, lobby policy makers, appear on talk radio or TV interviews, place op-eds in newspapers, sponsor or attend conferences, etc. in order to educate policy makers and Americans generally about any issue whatsoever. So there is no restriction on their expression of perspectives, opinions, facts, theories, whatever.</p>
<p>What IS restricted is foreigners&#8217; ability to contribute directly or indirectly to political campaigns.</p>
<p>So what do we have here? Confusion about the facts or a glossing-over of the distinction between foreigners&#8217; &#8220;right&#8221; of expression and their &#8220;right&#8221; to influence US elections?</p>
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		<title>By: Macker</title>
		<link>http://www.thebigquestions.com/2010/02/16/stuff-i-dont-get/comment-page-1/#comment-2953</link>
		<dc:creator>Macker</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 17 Feb 2010 21:41:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.thebigquestions.com/?p=1964#comment-2953</guid>
		<description>RE #1.  The board is right on this one.  First of all, there is no contradiction in the statements.  It is entirely possible to gather the regard of one&#039;s peers without listening to their input (yes, there are some semi-objective rules of good behavior).  It is also entirely possible to listen to other leaders give their opinion while excluding them from the domestic political process.  And to address the actual issue behind the false contradiction-- Concentrated special interests gaining the rights afforded to individual citizens only weakens the voice of the people.  I may disagree with you personally, suffer in the minority opinion...but if corporations get to express their profit-seeking behavior on the same playing field as the citizen voice, enhanced by corporate coffers, we&#039;re all going to lose.  Corporations should not make policy or elect leaders.  Setting up foreign corporations as the bug-a-boo is simply politics...any corporation with that power should be feared.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>RE #1.  The board is right on this one.  First of all, there is no contradiction in the statements.  It is entirely possible to gather the regard of one&#8217;s peers without listening to their input (yes, there are some semi-objective rules of good behavior).  It is also entirely possible to listen to other leaders give their opinion while excluding them from the domestic political process.  And to address the actual issue behind the false contradiction&#8211; Concentrated special interests gaining the rights afforded to individual citizens only weakens the voice of the people.  I may disagree with you personally, suffer in the minority opinion&#8230;but if corporations get to express their profit-seeking behavior on the same playing field as the citizen voice, enhanced by corporate coffers, we&#8217;re all going to lose.  Corporations should not make policy or elect leaders.  Setting up foreign corporations as the bug-a-boo is simply politics&#8230;any corporation with that power should be feared.</p>
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